Prioritise the issues of the ‘untouchables’
Uday Pariyar (ud.pariyar@gmail.com)
Someone residing in a foreign country asked me recently – do you really see a new Nepal taking shape? My reply was, sadly, negative. Certainly, there are some notable changes marked by the fall of the Shah dynasty, weakening of the Koirala dynasty and a sudden rise of the former rebels to power. These are potentially great chapters for history books. But in practice, we hardly see anything changed.
Why have the political changes failed to bring positive changes to people’s lives? The political pundits and opinion makers may have volumes to say. The parties would have their own theories, mainly blaming the other forces. But the ordinary citizens know the real cause – the rulers changed, but their attitudes and behaviour did not change. This is the key problem. We can give many examples to prove this.
One of the problems that continues to hurt hundreds of thousands of Nepalis, and about which nobody bothers to care about, is the problem of the untouchables. There have been some discussions in the media and other forums on the problems faced by the Madhesis and Janajatis and other historically marginalised groups. Sadly though, these groups claiming to be sidelined by the state continue to suppress those at the bottom of the social and economic ladder. A few untouchables may have won quota seats in the constituent assembly, but other than that there is no change in the lives of the low castes. And worryingly, there is still a zero-sensitivity on the discrimination against the low castes.
Nobody can challenge the fact that the practice of untouchability is a valid proof of feudalism being still strong and active as ever. The abolishment of monarchy has had no impact at all on dismantling feudal practices. Probably everybody understands this but nobody cares to raise any concerns. It is a shame that even the organisations and party wings supposed to be standing for the untouchables have largely failed to raise their voices.
The government is in a habit of not listening to grievances unless it is jolted by effective strikes or bloody rebellions. The untouchables have not done any of these so far and therefore the past peace minister Poudel did not even bother to discuss the problems of the low castes. He was busy only with ethnic groups and Madhesis.
Every political change in history brought hopes for the untouchables which always turned into despair. The untouchables now see some hope for change as a new force is in power. It is a party that largely stands on the sacrifice of thousands of Nepali citizens, including many members of the low castes.
If this party also neglects the suffering of the low caste, then the victims would have to find new ways and means of challenging the state to accept them as bonafide citizens and ensure their civil liberties. In fact, this is an issue everyone pretends to forget but PM Dahal should not dare forget it. He should take it as a priority for his new government. He should understand that it is the state’s responsibility to ensure the freedom and liberty of all citizens.
It was the state that planted the seeds of caste discrimination and implemented harsh discriminatory rules on the low castes. It is therefore the state’s responsibility to try and wipe it out. PM Dahal should not ignore this problem as his predecessors did. Obviously, those at the bottom of caste hierarchy have expected much from him. He surely does not have the magic wand to erase the practice overnight, but he should not leave it to evolution alone to do the trick.
He should no longer believe in the false idea that mere words in the new constitution will deliver. He should also not live with a myth that socio-economic changes alone will wipe out discriminatory practices. This is a more intricate problem blended with the local customs and traditions. Only strong law enforcement by the state can discourage the practice and open a new horizon for actual liberation of the low castes.
(Note: This article also appeared in News Front, Kathmandu, Nepal)